South Africa’s top court legalized same-sex marriage Dec. 1, saying that banning it violates the nation’s post-apartheid Constitution, which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation.

The Constitutional Court gave Parliament one year to make the necessary changes in law. If Parliament fails to act, the court will rewrite the Marriage Act itself.

Ten judges supported the ruling and one dissented – but only so she could argue that the ruling should take effect immediately rather than after a year.

In a “media summary” of the case, the judges said: “The exclusion of same-sex couples from the benefits and responsibilities of marriage was not a small and tangential inconvenience resulting from a few surviving relics of societal prejudice destined to evaporate like the morning dew. It represented a harsh if oblique statement by the law that same-sex couples are outsiders, and that their need for affirmation and protection of their intimate relations as human beings is somehow less than that of heterosexual couples. It signifies that their capacity for love, commitment and accepting responsibility is by definition less worthy of regard than that of heterosexual couples. The intangible damage to same-sex couples is as severe as the material deprivation. They are not entitled to celebrate their commitment to each other in a joyous public event recognised by the law. They are obliged to live in a state of legal blankness in which their unions remain unmarked by the showering of presents and the commemoration of anniversaries so celebrated in our culture.”

The decision came in a case brought by Pretoria couple Marie Fourie and Cecelia Bonthuys, after the government refused to recognize their 2002 marriage. The ruling also covered a case brought by the Gay and Lesbian Equality Project which challenged the Marriage Act’s references to “husband” and “wife.”

Twenty-six men were arrested in the United Arab Emirates in late November at a hotel in the city of Ghantout during what police called a mass homosexual wedding.

They face lashings, five years in jail and possible forced treatment with male hormones.

“There will be no room for homosexual … acts in the UAE,” Minister of Justice and Islamic Affairs Mohammed bin Nukhaira Al Dhahiri told the Khaleej Times.

Interior Ministry spokesperson Issam Azouri added: “Because they’ve put society at risk they will be given the necessary treatment, from male hormone injections to psychological therapies.

“It wasn’t just a homosexual act,” he added. “Now we’re dealing with a kind of marriage. There was a ritual involved.”

On Nov. 28, the U.S. State Department denounced the arrests.

“The United States condemns the arrest of a dozen same-sex couples in the United Arab Emirates and a statement by the Interior Ministry spokesman that they will be subjected to government-ordered hormone and psychological treatment,” the department said.

“The arrest of these individuals is part of a string of recent group arrests of homosexuals in the UAE. We call on the government of the United Arab Emirates to immediately stop any ordered hormone and psychological treatment and to comply with the standards of international law.”

After the U.S. statement was released, the head of the Abu Dhabian Ministry of the Interior Public Relations Department, Colonel Mohammed Ibrahim Al Hajiri, claimed that spokesperson Issam Azouri is not the ministry’s official spokesperson and that his remarks about “hormone injections” were “nothing but a personal analysis of the issue [that] does not represent the viewpoint of any of the authorities concerned.”

Amnesty International denounced Poland on Nov. 25 for “a climate of intolerance … against the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community, characterized by the banning of public events organized by the LBGT community, openly homophobic language used by some highly placed politicians, and incitement of homophobic hatred by some right-wing groupings.”

The organization also expressed concern over “the recent abolition of the government office responsible for promotion of equal treatment for sexual minorities.”

On Nov. 15, the mayor of Poznan, Ryszard Grobelny, banned the city’s Pride parade due to “security concerns.” Despite the ban, a few hundred people gathered Nov. 20 for a demonstration. They were harassed by members of the group All Polish Youth, who shouted, “Let’s gas the fags” and, “We’ll do to you what Hitler did with Jews.”

The police intervened near the end of the march, roughed up several marchers, and arrested and interrogated more than 65, who were later released.

“Amnesty International is concerned that the events in Poznan are not a one-off event, but part of a series of bans on events by the LGBT community,” the organization said.

Warsaw’s Pride parade also was banned by local officials both this year and last. Mayor Lech Kaczynski, who is now Poland’s president, called this year’s parade “sexually obscene.” An improvised march took place on June 10 anyhow, with more than 2,500 participants.

Activists in London and San Francisco are urging people around the world to report anti-gay abuses to the U.S. State Department.

They hope to increase the number of such incidents that are included in the department’s country-by-country human-rights report, which the agency must produce and send to Congress each year.

Submissions must be received at the State Department before the end of 2005.

“[This] will help improve the U.S. State Department’s monitoring of such abuses and expand a database that can be used by human rights campaigners pressing for an end to homophobia,” said longtime independent activist Michael Petrelis. “The data will also be helpful to corroborate the claims of gay people fleeing persecution and seeking asylum.”

Reports should be e-mailed to pottslg@state.gov.